Question

3. What is valency? give the valancies of the following :oxygen, hydrogen, sodium, magnesium, chlorine​

Answer 1

This is called valency...

Valency for Oxygen is:2

valency for hydrogen is :1

Valency for sodium:1

valency for magnesium:2

Valency for chlorine :1

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Answer 2

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Valency:-

Valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules.

Valency of following elements:-

$\implies \mathtt{Oxygen:- }$

The valency of oxygen is -2. This means oxygen needs to gain or share two electrons for stability.

$\implies \mathtt{Hydrogen}$

The valency of hydrogen can either be +1 or -1. When hydrogen gives up an electron to form a bond, its valency is +1.

$\implies \mathtt{Sodium}$

The electronic configuration of sodium can be written as 2, 8, 1. 2, 8, 1 electrons are distributed in the shells K, L, M respectively. Therefore, valence electron in sodium is 1 and it needs to lose 1 electron from the outermost orbit to attain octet.

$\implies \mathtt{Magnesium}$

The valency of magnesium is 2. Magnesium has an atomic number of 12, and it belongs to the second group in the periodic table.

$\implies \mathtt {Chlorine}$

The atomic number of chlorine is 17 and the electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7. Therefore, the valency of chlorine is 1.