Question

30. The diagram in Fig. 4.12 shows a device which makes
use of the principle of transmission of pressure.

Fig. 4.12
(i) Name the parts labelled by the letters X and Y.
(ii) Describe what happens to the valves A and B and
to the quantity of water in the two cylinders when N
the lever arm is moved down.
(iii) Give reasons for what happens to the valves A
and B in part (ii)
(iv) What happens when the release valve is
opened?
(v) What happens to the valve B in cylinder P when
the lever arm is moved up?
(vi) Give a reason for your answer in part (v).
(vii) State one use of the above device.
and explain​

Answer 1

Answer:

(i) X : Press Plunger; Y: Pump Plunger

(ii) When the lever is moved down, valve B closes and valve A opens, so the water from cylinder P is forced into the cylinder Q.

(iii) Valve B closes due to an increase in pressure in cylinder P. This pressure is transmitted to the connecting pipe and when the pressure in connecting pipe becomes greater than the pressure in the cylinder Q, valve A opens up.

(iv) When the release valve is opened, the ram (or press) plunger Q gets lowered and water of the cylinder Q runs out in the reservoir.

(vii) Uses of Hydraulic press - It is used for pressing cotton bales, quilts, books, extracting juice from sugarcane, squeezing the oil out of seeds, etc.

(v) The cylinder P and valve B is unclear in the question and hence cannot be answered.

(vi) This is not answered as part (v) is not answerable.

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