31. With the help of a ray diagram. State the meaning of refraction of light. State
law of refraction of light and also express it mathematically.
Answers
Explanation:
concave convex mirrors ray digram in plane mirror
Answer:
When a ray of light travels from one transparent medium to another, it bends at the surface. This happens because different media have different optical densities.
The phenomenon of bending of light as it travels from one medium to another is known as refraction of light.
As a ray of light moves from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it bends towards the normal at the point of incidence. Therefore, the angle of incidence (i) is greater than the angle of refraction ®. Hence, i > r. The first law of refraction is also known as Snell’s law.
Snell’s law: The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant. This is known as Snell’s law. Mathematically, it can be given as follows:
image
image
Now, we know μ = C/V
where μ is absolute
refractive index of a medium w.r.t. vacuum C is speed of light in vacuum, V is speed of light in medium.
