Question

4. Draw the structure of Cortisone and Cortisol? What are oxidized and
reduced products of Cholesterol?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Cholesterol is the precursor of the five major classes of steroid hormones: progestagens, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens (Figure 26.24). These hormones are powerful signal molecules that regulate a host of organismal functions. Progesterone, a progestagen, prepares the lining of the uterus for implantation of an ovum. Progesterone is also essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Androgens of male secondary sex characteristics, whereas estrogens (such as estrone) are required for the development of female secondary sex characteristics. Estrogens, along with progesterone, also participate in the ovarian cycle. Glucocorticoids (such as cortisol) promote gluconeogenesis and the formation of glycogen, enhance the degradation of fat and protein, and inhibit the inflammatory response. They enable animals to respond to stress—indeed, the absence of glucocorticoids can be fatal. Mineralocorticoids (primarily aldosterone) act on the distal tubules of the kidney to increase the reabsorption of Na+ and the excretion of K+ and H+, which leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. The major sites of synthesis of these classes of hormones are the corpus luteum, for progestagens; the ovaries, for estrogens; the testes, for androgens; and the adrenal cortex, for glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.

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Answer 2

kindly refer to your textbook.