4.Who were the new middle class emerged in 18 th century in Europe?
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The 18th century witnessed the emergence of social groups, termed the middle class, who earned their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and form the manufacture of goods such as woollen and silk textiles that were either exported or bought by the richer members of society. In addition to merchant and manufacturers, the third estate included professions such as lawyers or administrative officials. All of these were educated and believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth. Rather, a person's social position must depend on his merit. These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws.
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