Question

41. According Ballard (2005), democracy has been questioned in Latin American and the Caribbean countries since the debt crisis in the 1980s. Which of the following factors has contributed to the rise of authoritarianism in LAC countries?
A. drastically increased inequality
B. crumbling educational systems
C. rise of poverty and informal economy
D. All of the above
 
42. Historically we have witnessed numerous cases of economic calamities in resource-rich countries. According to Collier (2007), this resource trap is often called the _____ disease.
A. Dutch
B. Swiss
C. Russian
D. American
 
43. In his talk on world conflicts (in our last module) Graham Allison uses the concept of the _____ Trap to describe a situation in which a ruling power is challenged by a rising power.
A. Greek
B. Thucydides
C. Spartan
D. Russian
 
44. The United State has been the world's ruling power since the end of World War II. According to Graham Allison, the most likely rising power in our times is _____.
A. Russia
B. India
C. China
D. the European Union
 
45. Graham Allison's talk on competition and conflicts between big nations shows theoretical parallel to the distinction between the core and the periphery in the _____ we discussed earlier in this course.
A. world system theory
B. Modernization theory
C. Dependency Theory
D. None of the above.
 
46. Capitalism has dominated the world economy for over three centuries. However, there has always been divergent assessments of the consequences of capitalism. Jonathan Haidt (in our last module) presents three "stories" of capitalism in his World Minds talk. The first story shows that _____.
A. Capitalism has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty
B. Capitalism has given rise to democracy.
C. Capitalists are predators.
D. Capitalism destroyed feudalism and slavery.
 
47. Jonathan Haidt's second story presents basic elements of the capitalist system. Which of the following is NOT such an element?
A. property right
B. the rule of law
C. free market
D. social safety net
 
48. By presenting three stories of capitalism, Jonathan Haidt suggests that _____.
A. we need to replace capitalism with a better system
B. Our system is not free enough; and we need more capitalism.
C. We need a mixture of capitalism and socialism.
D. We need a capitalism with dynamism and decency.
 
49. Yuval Harari argues in his talk on the future of humanity (part of the last module) that the increasing adoption of robots in industries is likely to _____.
A. create universal benefit for all humans.
B. create a "useless" class excluded from economic production
C. create more poor people all over the world
D. sustain a large middle class.
 
50. The rise of Artificial Intelligence, Yuval Harari suggests, is likely to _____.
A. replace jobs only in low end manufacturing
B. only replace jobs that involve heavy physical work
C. only replace jobs that do not require highly developed cognitive capacities
D. to replace some jobs that require highly developed cognitive capacities such as doctors.
 
51. (extra credit) In this course, the unit of analysis (whose properties we examine) has largely been _____.
A. the whole world
B. the individual 
C. large regions
D. countries or nation-states
 
52. (extra credit) Globalization fundamentally differs from the development project in that _____.
A. Globalization relies on international agents such as the WTO and IMF
B. In the globalization era, economic expansion transcends national boundaries
C. In its implementation, globalization often redefines social and political issues as economic issues.
D. All of the above.

Answer 1

Social Interaction
Erving Goffman was a sociologist who created a new field of study called microsociology, or social interaction. Social interaction is the process by which we act and react to those around us. In a nutshell, social interaction includes those acts people perform toward each other and the responses they give in return. Having a quick conversation with a friend seems relatively trivial.

Goffman argued that these seemingly insignificant forms of social interaction are of major importance in sociology and should not be overlooked. Social interactions include a large number of behaviors, so many that in sociology, interaction is usually divided into five categories.

Answer 2

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