5. Answer the following questions briefly.
(1)Explain the heirarely of courts followed in our country,
(2) Why is Judiciary independent?
13 State the various judgements given by different courts in the case of Ratlam Municipality?
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Answer:
1)1)Explain the heirarely of courts followed in our country
➡️The Hierarchy of Courts in India basically includes the Supreme Court, High Courts and the Lok Adalat. ... In the Hierarchy of courts in India, Supreme Court is followed by the High Courts. There are a total of 18 High Courts across the states in the country, among which 3 have the judicial powers of more than one state.
2)Why is Judiciary independent?
➡️Judicial independence serves as a safeguard for the rights and privileges provided by a limited constitution and prevents executive and legislative encroachment upon those rights. It serves as a foundation for the rule of law and democracy.
3)State the various judgements given by different courts in the case of Ratlam Municipality?
➡️In this case the apex court upheld the decision of High court. The Supreme court instructed the Municipal Council of Ratlam to immediately follow order given by the Sub Divisional Magistrate of Ratlam city to protect the area from pollution caused by alcohol plant flowing into the neighbouring areas of the resident .Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s view affirming the Magistrate’s order. Supreme court also ordered the municipal to take necessary steps to fulfill their obligation by providing adequate number of public laterals for specifically men and women separately along with to provide water supply and scavenging service in morning as well as in evening to ensure proper sanitation. The court also ordered that these obligations to be fulfilled within six months of court order. It was also added by the court if its order was not followed by the Municipal Corporation then it will face charge of criminal contempt of court. Further more, court also directed State Government to provide some measures to the department responsible for malaria along with the city within specified time. The Court Further held that in case municipality feel the need of resources then it will raise its demand fromState government by elitist projects, request loans from the State Government from the savings account of public health expenditure to fulfill the resource requirement for the implementation of courts order.
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