Question

5., Define heredity. Explain the
mechanism of hereditary changes.​

Answer 1

Heredity can be defined as the process of transmission of the characters from the parents to the offspring through the mode of reproduction. Hereditary changes can occur due to following changes: Natural Selection- One allele is fixed for the population as it provides a survival advantage.

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Answer 2

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Heredity: The process of transfer of traits from parents to the progeny is referred to as heredity.

The transfer of physical and mental characters may take place either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.

The progeny acquire the genetic code of information or DNA of their parents.

Variations because of heredity between individuals can cause species to evolve by natural selection.

Mechanisms:

Mating: The process where the union of the male germ cell spermatozoa with the female ovum takes place.

Growth: The process of repeated division of the zygote.

Chromosomes: The formation of nucleus which carries elementary traits are called as chromosomes.

Gene: The development of a structure that is responsible for the development of a trait.

Chance factor: Only 24 of 48 chromosomes of the sperm or the ovary will form the progeny.