Question

5. Define heredity. Explain the
mechanism of hereditary changes.​

Answer 1

heredity is the transfer of character from one generation to the next with the help of genes.

acquired traits :-- the traits that develop during lifetime of an individual.they are somatic variation and die with the death of the individual.

example:- muscular body of wrestler.

inherited traits :--- the traits that are been received from the parents. they are genetic variation which passes on to the next generation.

example:-- fused and free ear lobes.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Heredity refers to the passing of traits from parents to offsprings either through asexual or sexual reproduction. Gregor Johann Mendel (1822 – 1884) was the first to carryout the study on the transmission of characteristics from the parents to the offsprings. He proposed that heredity is controlled by factors, which are now believed to be segments of chromosomes or genes.

These traits are passed on in the form of genetic information from parents to offsprings. This genetic information is stored in molecules called DNA. During the process of reproduction, the child receives genetic information from both the parents in the form of DNA. 50% genetic information is passed on from the paternal DNA whereas rest 50% information is passed on by the maternal DNA. This is why a child closely resembles its parents and has traits similar to both of them. Commonly observed heritable features are curly hair, a particular type of ear lobe, hair on ears etc

Explanation: