Question

5. Define the following:
(i) Cell
(ii) Cell organelles
(iii) Prokaryotic cell
(iv) Eukaryotic cell​

Answer 1

5)i)Cells are the basic, fundamental unit of life. So, if we were to break apart an organism to the cellular level, the smallest independent component that we would find would be the cell.

ii)The cellular components are called cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions.

iii)Prokaryotes are one of the most ancient groups of living organisms on earth, with fossil records dating back to almost 3.5 billion years ago.

iv)Eukaryotes are more complex and much larger than the prokaryotes.They include almost all the major kingdoms except kingdom monera.

Answer 2

Explanation:

1) cell : Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. ... Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.

2) cell organelles:- An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body. Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.

3) Prokaryotic cell :- Prokaryote, also spelled procaryote, any organism that lacks a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence of internal membranes. Bacteria are among the best-known prokaryotic organisms. ... The prokaryotic cell membrane is made up of phospholipids and constitutes the cell's primary osmotic barrier.

4) Eukaryotic cell :- A eukaryotic cell contains membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, and an endoplasmic reticulum. Organisms based on the eukaryotic cell include protozoa, fungi, plants, and animals. These organisms are grouped into the biological domain Eukaryota. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells found in domains Archaea and Bacteria.