(5 mark each)
1) A rainbow is the combined effect of the refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection of light. explain.
2) Explain addition and substitution reaction with one example each.
Answers
1)Water droplets act like small prisms which refract and disperse the incident sunlight. Then they reflect it internally and finally again refract it to form rainbow in the sky.
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Answer:
1) Rainbow is a natural spectrum appearing in the sky after a rain shower. It is formed due to combination of phenomenon like refraction, dispersion and total internal reflection of light. Water droplets act like small prisms which refract and disperse the incident sunlight. Then they reflect it internally and finally again refract it to form rainbow in the sky.
2. An addition reaction occurs when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. This product will contain all the atoms that were present in the reactants.
Example: Addition reaction between chlorine (Cl2) and ethene (CH2=CH2 ) produces 1,2-dichloroethane (ClCH2(CH2)Cl).
A substitution reaction occurs when an exchange of elements in the reactants takes place.
Examples: substitution reaction. Examples: CH3Cl reacted with a hydroxy ion (OH-) will produce CH3OH and chlorine.