5 plants of bryophyta with its description
Answers
Marchantia, an example of a liverwort.
The life cycle of a dioicous bryophyte. ...
Hornworts include those bryophytes that are believed to be the closest living relatives of the vascular plants.
Mosses are one group of bryophytes.
Liverworts are included in the bryophyte group.
Moss peat is made from Sphagnum.
Answer:
2) bryophyta –
A) funaria-:
Funaria is a genus of approximately 210 species of moss. The name is derived from the Latin word “funis”, meaning a rope. In funaria root like structures called Rhizoids are present. Capsules are abundant with the moss surviving as spore when conditions are not suitable. Moss plant Funaria grows in dense patches or cushions in moist shady and cool places during the rainy seasons. It has a height of 3–5 cm, a radial symmetry with a differentiation of an axis or stem, leaves or phylloids are multicellular colorless branched rhizoids with oblique septa. These are primitive multicellular, autotrophic, shade loving, amphibious plants. They reproduce by spore formation. They have no vascular system. Root like structures called rhizoids are present. They show alternation of generation i.e. the gametophytic stage alternates with the sporophytic stage.
b) marchantia-:
Marchantia, genus of liverworts (creeping ribbonlike plants) in the order Marchantiales, commonly found on moist clay or silty soils, especially on recently burned land throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Marchantia polymorpha, a well-known species, often is discussed as a representative liverwort in biology textbooks. Dark green Marchantia gametophytes are branched and ribbonlike, about 1.3 cm (0.5 inch) wide and 5 to 13 cm long. The diamond-shaped markings on their upper surfaces, signs of interior air chambers, have a central pore through which air diffuses.
c) riccia-:
Riccia, genus of liverworts (small, creeping plants) in the order Marchantiales, widely distributed throughout the world. The most well-known species, Riccia fluitans, sometimes called slender riccia, forms branching green ribbons about 0.1 centimetre (about 0.04 inch) wide and about 1.3 to 5 centimetres long that float in shallow ponds. The ribbons often become tangled in large masses. Other species of Riccia form rosettes on moist soils.
d) anthoceros-:
Species of Anthoceros are characterized by having a small to medium-sized, green thallus that is more or less lobed along the margins.[1] The spores are dark gray, dark brown or black, this is the easiest way to distinguish Anthoceros from the related genus Phaeoceros, which produces spores that are yellow.[1][2]
The sporophytes of Anthoceros are larger and much more complex than those of Riccia, Marchantia, and Pellia. It is differentiated into a foot, a constriction like intermediate zone and a capsule. There is no seta. It arises in clusters from the dorsal surface of the thallus each surrounded at the base a tubular involucre.
e) polytrichum-:
The genus Polytrichum has a number of closely related sporophytic characters. The scientific name is derived from the Ancient Greek words polys, meaning "many", and thrix, meaning "hair". This name was used in ancient times to refer to plants with fine, hairlike parts, including mosses, but this application specifically refers to the hairy calyptras found on young sporophytes. There are two major sections of Polytrichum species. The first — section Polytrichum — has narrow, toothed, and relatively erect leaf margins. The other — section Juniperifolia — has broad, entire, and sharply inflexed leaf margins that enclose the lamellae on the upper leaf surface.[
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