Question

50 points :)

Q. What were the limitations of Civil Disobedience Movement ? Explain in detail.
[5 marks]

• Explain at least 5 points.

Answer 1

●Muslim political groups were lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
●After the decline of the Non Cooperation -Khilafat movement started , there was a atmosphere of suspicion and distrust between communities.
●Alienated from the Congress large sections of Muslims could not respond to the call for a united struggle.
●Many Muslim leaders and intellectualls expressed their concern about the status of Muslims as a minority within India.
●They feared that the culture and identity of minorities would be submerged under the domination of Hindu majority.
●Dalit participation was limited. They began organiging themselves, demanding reserved seats in educational institutions, and a separate electorate.
●Dr. B.R Ambedkar, who organised the datits into the depressed Classes Assocition in 1930, clashed with mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.
●Ambedkar ultimately accepted Gandhiji's position and the result was the Poona Pact of September 1932.
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Answer 2

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The limits of Civil Disobedience Movement were:

The Congress ignored the dalits for fear of offending the sanatanis, the conservative high-caste Hindus. Also, Mahatma Gandhi called the untouchables the children of God.

Dr B.R. Ambedkar, who organised the dalits into the Depressed Classes Association in 1930, clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.

This made the dalit apprehensive regarding the Congress led national movement.

Decline of the Non-Cooperation-Khilafat movement, made a large section of Muslim feel alienated from the Congress. Thus, the response of Muslim political organisations in India was lukewarm.

However, Muhammad Jinnah, one of the leaders of the Muslim League, was willing to give up the demand for separate electorates, if Muslims were assured reserved seats in the Central Assembly and representation in proportion to population in the Muslim-dominated provinces (Bengal and Punjab).

Hence, the start of Civil Disobedience Movement created an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust between communities.