6 difference between marxist and gandhism
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Answer:
Gandhi and Karl Marx both believed in a classless and stateless society for emancipation of mankind. However, they interpreted the idea quite differently. Karl Marx professed scientific socialism while Gandhi professed moral individualism.
1. Reason for class distinction: For Karl Marx, society was divided into haves (property owners) and have nots. He propagated idea of violent revolution to overthrow the rule of haves and establish classless society. For M K Gandhi, class distinction arose because of mental outlook of the people, who considered physical labour inferior to mental labour. Hence, he propagated principle of dignity of labour to form a classless society.
2. Societal functioning: Karl Marx suggested social ownership of means of social production. M K Gandhi enunciated principle of trusteeship which required change of heart of capital/feudal class to regard their property as trust of the people and not as their own private possessions.
3. Role of government: Karl Marx saw government as an instrument of dominant class and its need would wither away in a classless society. M K Gandhi believed in decentralized polity and economy and hence considered centralized state as redundant. He believed in village polity and economy.
4. Role of Technology: Karl Marx believed in complete development of technology and forces of production (All Means and Labour) so as to fulfill demands of classless society. On the contrary, M K Gandhi believed in production for masses rather than mass production. He believed that simple technology and dignity of labour would serve as self regulating force for individual behaviour and needs.
5. Views on Religion: Karl Marx disapproved religion as opium for the people and wanted to eliminate its role in classless society. M K Gandhi, on other hand, saw religion as a source of morality and emphasized on its importance in the society for self and societal regulation.
6. Means of revolutions: Karl Marx believed that violent revolution alone could establish classless and Utopian society. His support for violent revolution was on empirical grounds. On the contrary, M K Gandhi was an ardent champion of principles of Non-violence, Self-discipline, Satyagraha and Mutual tolerance to bring in the necessary societal change. His opposition to violent means was both on pragmatic and moral grounds.
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(1) Conception of Ideal State:
(1) Conception of Ideal State:There is a great similarity between Mahatma Gandhi and Kart Marx. However, while the final aim of both them it the establishments of a stateless and classless society, their means for achieving this aim are different. Mahatma Gandhi wanted to achieve this end through non-violent means but Marx wanted to achieve it through violent means.
(1) Conception of Ideal State:There is a great similarity between Mahatma Gandhi and Kart Marx. However, while the final aim of both them it the establishments of a stateless and classless society, their means for achieving this aim are different. Mahatma Gandhi wanted to achieve this end through non-violent means but Marx wanted to achieve it through violent means.(2) Capitalism:
(1) Conception of Ideal State:There is a great similarity between Mahatma Gandhi and Kart Marx. However, while the final aim of both them it the establishments of a stateless and classless society, their means for achieving this aim are different. Mahatma Gandhi wanted to achieve this end through non-violent means but Marx wanted to achieve it through violent means.(2) Capitalism:Though both Mahatma Gandhi and Karl Marx were opposed to capitalism and exploitation, yet they propagated different means to remove capitalism not by violent means but through economic decentralization, by encouraging cottage industries, and by making the capitalist trustees. Karl Marx was also dead against capitalism. He was the father of socialism. He was not prepared to tolerate capitalism in any form.
(1) Conception of Ideal State:There is a great similarity between Mahatma Gandhi and Kart Marx. However, while the final aim of both them it the establishments of a stateless and classless society, their means for achieving this aim are different. Mahatma Gandhi wanted to achieve this end through non-violent means but Marx wanted to achieve it through violent means.(2) Capitalism:Though both Mahatma Gandhi and Karl Marx were opposed to capitalism and exploitation, yet they propagated different means to remove capitalism not by violent means but through economic decentralization, by encouraging cottage industries, and by making the capitalist trustees. Karl Marx was also dead against capitalism. He was the father of socialism. He was not prepared to tolerate capitalism in any form.But for achieving this aim he believed in employing violent means. During his time the condition in Europe was such that it was not possible to abolish capitalism by parliamentary or non-violent means. He had no faith in economic decentralisation. He wanted to remove the government through revolution in order to destroy capitalism root and branch.