Question

62. Why drugs of all types, whether acidic, basic or neutral, are better ah
sorbed
from small intestine?
63. For which drugs rapid GE is desirable and when should it be slow?
64. Discuss briefly the factors affecting GE of drugs.
65. What is the influence of anticholinergics and of prokinetic agents on
the
oral availability of drugs?
66. What are the possible reasons for delayed and for enhanced absorption of a
drug after meals? Why biopharmaceutic studies that require the drug to h
taken orally, be performed in volunteers on empty stomach?
67. Delayed intestinal transit is sometimes desirable. Why?
68. What are the consequences of various disease states on oral bioavailability
of a drug?
69. What are the various mechanisms for drug-drug interactions in the GIT?
70. What are the different sites of presystemic metabolism of orally administered
drugs?
71. How would you circumvent the first-pass effect of an orally administered
drug?
72. How can the metabolic role of colonic microflora be utilized for drug
targeting to large intestine?
73. What are the various methods for studying oral absorption of drugs?
74. What are the advantages of administering drugs by non per os non-invasive
transmucosal routes? Name such routes.
75. Discuss the factors in the absorption of drugs from various non per os
transmucosal and transdermal routes.
76. Transdermal delivery as well as most of the transmucosal routes other than
the GI is limited to systemic administration of low dose drugs only.
Explain.
77. What are the various mechanisms of drug absorption through skin?
78. Discuss the utility of skin for administration of therapeutic agents.
79. How can the absorption of drugs from subcutaneous sites be promoted
80. What factors limit drug administration by pulmonary route? Why is this
route restricted for administration of drugs affecting pulmonary function
81. Name the physicochemical and biological factors that limit dru
administration by oral route.
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Answer 1

Answer:

62:With respect to the term 'neutral', a compound may be charge neutral at its isoelectric point, even if the molecule contains an acidic or a basic functional group