Question

700 words essay on Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya: a great advocate for indigenous economics and administration models

Answer 1

This is related to the economics and administration.  Please see the points.
 
     Pandit DeenDayal Upadhyaya was a leader in Bharatiya Jana Sangh & RSS, that formed BJP later on. He was a multi-talented and multifaceted fighter of 20th century from pre-independence to post-independence.  Pandit  was a noted economist, writer, editor, political scientist, journalist, sociologist, historian, thinker, employer and philosopher too.  He was a hardworking organiser, speaker and influenced his followers through his idealism, intelligence and completeness of his ideas.  He is respected for his good leadership, idealism and humanism.

       He believed that "Dharma" was the correct guiding principle to govern a state.  He argued that neither capitalisam nor communism suitable for India.  DeenDayal conceived an alternative model of political and economic governance.  It is called as "Integral Humanism Theory (IHT)" and was adopted by BJS/RSS/BJP during 1964-65.  He supported the concept of National sector (public sector organizations).  His principles are appreciated by many intellectuals including Dr. Subrahmanya Swamy and Deshmukh.

    He started a monthly called "Rashtriya Dharma", a weekly called "Panchajanya" and a daily called "Swadesh" during 1940s and influenced people through his theories and views on economics and political administration.

     His principles and theories had the strong support of himself practicing them with honesty, fearlessness and sincerity.  There was transparency in his models and practices.  His ideas were influenced by Gandhiji like Swaraj etc. He lived with an extreme simplicity like a peasant.

    Deen Dayal Research Institute propagates a successful model of rural development with self-reliance. Many villages are developed in Chitrakoot. Dr APJ Abdul Kalam appreciated the services of the institute.  Many people believe that had he lived long enough, he would have had a very strong influence on the positive development of economy and administration in the last three decades.

   Pandit D Upadhyaya had strongly advocated for an indigenous economics and administration model.  The contents can probably be listed as bullet points as below.  Many of the ideas were quite relevant for the country at that time.

1.   The state should encourage a lot of Small Units (SSE) & manufacturing by the masses for the masses.  Opportunities for Enterpreneurship and self-employment must be created by the government.   SMEs should be given opportunity to increase their production rather than big corporates wiping them out in the market.

2.  Land ownership by people rather than by the state.   So farmers and landowners will work for themselves and do their best.  This is unlike the communistic principle.

3.  A National sector with a lot of Public sector - Private Sector Partnership.  He was against total corporatization and centralization.   He did not like monopolies.

4.  Economic freedom to the people and the right to work.  That means people can choose what  and how much business and work they want to do.

5.  He was against the Five year planning system.  It was perceived to be a failure in some ways, as some things did not work out well.

6.  He wanted a strong self reliance in food (grains) production and their storage needs.  He wanted the land reforms and agricultural marketing to be in favour of the people.   They were important at that time.

7.  Secular state and united state,  with decentralized power.   State should be secular in terms of religions and castes etc.  The power to rule and administrate should not be concentrated at the center.  It should be distributed to local zones.  He was a strong advocate of self-governance.

8.  He was very much against Capitalists making a lot of profits beyond Dharma.  He criticized the government for its policies encouraging big corporate houses.

9.  Wanted Dharma be the guiding principle for the state.  He propagated this idea.  Gandhiji  also based his many ideas and decisions on Dharma.  Dharma is the moral compass of the government which makes a person work according to righteousness and justice.

10.  Wanted socialistic approach with some changes. He wanted a lot of focus on infrastructure, agriculture, health sectors.

11. He wanted to have appropriate indigenized technology adapted to suite local requirements in place of importing and using arbitrary technology.  Sustained manufacturing should be the principle for technology adaptation.

12.  Principled honest administration and fearlessness to oppose.  He never used the power to lead or manage staff.  His ideas and principles made people to just follow them.