Question

8. Observe the figure 1.4 and fill the table
SI.No
Name of the Planet
Distance from the Sun no . of moons​

Answer 1

Answer:

please show the figure

Answer 2

Answer:

The two largest planets, Jupiter and Saturn, have nearly the same chemical makeup as the Sun; they are composed primarily of the two elements hydrogen and helium, with 75% of their mass being hydrogen and 25% helium. On Earth, both hydrogen and helium are gases, so Jupiter and Saturn are sometimes called gas planets. But, this name is misleading. Jupiter and Saturn are so large that the gas is compressed in their interior until the hydrogen becomes a liquid. Because the bulk of both planets consists of compressed, liquefied hydrogen, we should really call them liquid planets.

Image of Jupiter taken by the Cassini spacecraft. The alternating light and dark cloud bands are clearly seen, as is the Great Red Spot. At lower left, below the equator, the shadow of one of Jupiter’s moons is projected onto the cloud tops.

Figure 1: Jupiter. This true-color image of Jupiter was taken from the Cassini spacecraft in 2000. (credit: modification of work by NASA/JPL/University of Arizona)

Under the force of gravity, the heavier elements sink toward the inner parts of a liquid or gaseous planet. Both Jupiter and Saturn, therefore, have cores composed of heavier rock, metal, and ice, but we cannot see these regions directly. In fact, when we look down from above, all we see is the atmosphere with its swirling clouds (Figure 1). We must infer the existence of the denser core inside these planets from studies of each planet’s gravity.

Uranus and Neptune are much smaller than Jupiter and Saturn, but each also has a core of rock, metal, and ice. Uranus and Neptune were less efficient at attracting hydrogen and helium gas, so they have much smaller atmospheres in proportion to their cores.

Chemically, each giant planet is dominated by hydrogen and its many compounds. Nearly all the oxygen present is combined chemically with hydrogen to form water (H2O). Chemists call such a hydrogen-dominated composition reduced. Throughout the outer solar system, we find abundant water (mostly in the form of ice) and reducing chemistry.