Question

9. Briefly discuss on five Kingdom
classification. Add a note on merits and
demerits.

Please give me answer class 11 students​

Answer 1

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The five kingdom classification was proposed by R.H.Whittaker in 1969. The kingdoms define by him were Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

The main criterion of classification used by him were cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

Some points about each category are as follows:

1. Monera - Most organisms in this group are made up of simple cells. Must of them are bacteria . i)Archaebacteria,ii) Eubacteria

2. Protista: All the single cells eucaryotes are place in this kingdom. Their main group are Diatoms, Dinoflagellates,Euglenoids, Slime mould and Protozoans

3.Fungi: Fungi is a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms. Their groups are Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.

4.Plantae: It includes all the eukaryotic chlorophyll containing organisms commonly called plants. They're helps include Algae, Pteridophytes,Bryophytes, gymnosperm and angiosperms

5. Animalia: This one is characterised by heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms that are multicellular and their cells lack cell wall.

Merits and demerits

At first biologists grouped all organisms into two kingdoms. Organisms either belonged the plant kingdom or to the animal kingdom. Basically the plants are autotrophic and animals are heterotrophic.

Later on this was realised that some groups did not fit well into either kingdom. For example, organisms such as bread mold do not make their own food as plants do but they are not animals.

Biologists also discovered that two kinds of one-celled organisms exist. One group has a nucleus without a covering or membrane around it and the nuclear material floats freely in the cell. Such a cell is called a procaryote. Whereas organisms in the other group have an organised nucleus surrounded by a membrane and the structures inside these cells are more complex. This type of cell is called eucaryote.

As a result of these , the five kingdom classification was developed and it's the wise accepted this days. Even though it does not find a way to include prions, virus and viroids.