Question

a battery of emf 2v and internal resistance 0.1 ohmis being charged by a current of 5A. what will be the direction of current inside the battery? what is the potential difference between the terminals of the battery?

Answer 1

Refers to the attachment.

Given conditions ⇒
E.m.f (ε) = 2 V.
Internal Resistance (r) = 0.1 Ω
Current (I) = 5 A.

From the attachment, we can observe that the Positive terminal of the battery is connected to the positive terminal of the charger.

Thus, the Direction of the current inside the battery is from the Positive terminals to the negative terminals.


Now, Let us Find the Potential difference between the terminals of the battery,

$V_{q}$ = I × r
 = 5 × 0.1
 = 0.5 V

 $V_{pq}$ = $V_{p} - V_{q}$
 = ε - $V_{q}$
 = 2 - 0.5
 = 1.5 V.

Hence, the Potential Difference across the terminals of the battery is 1.5 V.


Hope it helps.