A bolt drops from the ceiling of a moving car that is accelerating northward at a rate of 2.5m/s².
a) what is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the train car?
b) what is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the earth?
c) describe the trajectory of the bolt as it seen by an observer inside the train car.
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11th
Physics
Motion in a Plane
Relative Motion in 2 Dimension
A bolt drops from the ceili...
PHYSICS
A bolt drops from the ceiling of a moving train car that is accelerating northward at a rate of 2.50m/s
2
. (a) What is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the train car? (b) What is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the Earth? (c) Describe the trajectory of the bolt as seen by an observer inside the train car. (d) Describe the trajectory of the bolt as seen by an observer fixed on the Earth.
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ANSWER
(a) To an observer at rest in the train car, the bolt accelerates downward and toward the rear of the train
a=
(2.50m/s)
2
+(9.80m/s)
2
=10.1m/s
2
tanθ=
9.80m/s
2
2.50m/s
2
=0.255
θ=14.3
0
to the south from the vertical.
To this observer, the bolt moves as if it were in a gravitational field of 9.80m/s
2
down + 2.50m/s
2
south.
(b) a=9.80m/s
2
vertically downward.
(c) If it is at rest relative to the ceiling at release, the bolt moves on a straight line download and southward at 14.3 degrees from the vertical.
(d) The bolt moves on a parabola with a vertical axis.