A conjugated protein consisting of a protein combined with a lipid
Answers
Answer:
Proteins contain the same elements as carbohydrates and lipids: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; plus nitrogen (C, H, O, and N). Proteins are usually much larger than polysaccharides and triglycerides. Proteins are macromolecules composed of repetitive units of the same building block, amino acids, similar to a pearl necklace that is composed of many pearls. We can also define proteins as polymers assembled from many smaller covalently bonded monomers. The type of covalent bond linking neighboring amino acids is called peptide bond, as shown below in figure 3.5.3 .
Proteins carry out most of the jobs in a cell and serve the most diverse range of functions of all the organic macromolecules in our cells and body. Different proteins form parts of cell and tissue structures; regulate physiological processes; contract to move cellular or body parts; or protect cells and the whole body; they may serve in transporting gases or other substances, or as important part of membranes; or they may be working as enzymes, which perform all chemical reactions happening in our cells and body.
Protein structures, like their functions, vary greatly. However, they are all made of combinations of twenty different amino acids available in nature, and all amino acids share the same basic structure as shown in figure 3.5.1 below.
clipboard_e711ef574a05411ec53089fab2f4d1c5f.png
Answer:
Conjugated proteins are formed by the
binding of a simple protein with a non-
protein called the Prosthetic Group,
(nucleoproteins have nucleic acid as
prosthetic group).
Many highly complex proteins consist of
an aggregation of polypeptide chains held
together by hydrophobic interactions and
hydrogen and ionic bonds. Their precise
arrangement constitutes the quaternary
structure.
The conjugated proteins are of following
types:
(a) Nucleoproteins (prosthetic group
– nucleic acid) e.g., Protamines
(b) Metalloproteins (prosthetic group
- metal) e.g., Ferritin
(c) Chromoproteins (prosthetic group
– pigment) e.g., Cytochromes
(d) Phosphoproteins (prosthetic
group – phosphoric acid) e.g., Casein of
milk.
(e) Lipoproteins (prosthetic group -
lipids) e.g., chylomicron.
(f) Glycoproteins (prosthetic group -
carbohydrates) e.g., Mucin