(a) Draw a ray diagram to explain the term angle of deviation.
(b) Why do the component colours of incident white light split into a spectrum while passing through a glass prism, explain.
(c) Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of a rainbow. (5)
Answers
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Prism - Dispersion of light
Explanation:
Prism is a homogeneous, transparent, refracting material (such as glass) enclosed by two inclined plane refracting surfaces at some fixed angle called refracting angle or angle of the prism. When a ray of light falls on prism, it gets refracted. The light that lands on the prism is called the incident ray and the ray that comes out of the other plane of the prism is called the angle of emergence. The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is called the angle of deviation.
When white light passes through a prism, it gets dispersed into the component colors of violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. The reason the component colors separate is because the different colours of light have different wavelengths, and the angle of deviation is different for different wavelength. So we see the rainbow on the other side of the prism.
This is the same principle on which rainbows are formed from the sunlight.
Please refer to the attached picture for the diagram.
