(a) How does the Hardy-Wienberg equation explain genetic equilibrium?
(b) Describe how this equilibrium is disturbed that may lead to founder effect.
Answers
Explanation:
Some of the major factors which affect the genetic equilibrium and induce the variability in population are as follows: (A) Mutations (B) Recombinations during Sexual Reproduction (C) Genetic Drift (D) Gene Migration (Gene Flow) (E) Natural Selection.
According to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium law, the relative frequency of alleles in the population remains constant from generation to generation in a population of sexually reproducing organisms when:
(i) The population is large enough so that accident of sampling may be ignored
(ii) Mating takes place at random;
(iii) Mutation does not take place or if it does, the rate is same in both directions
(iv) All the members of the population survive and have equal reproduction ...
Factors affecting the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
There are five factors which affect the genetic equilibrium and induce the variability in the population. These factors are called evolutionary age...