Question

(a) 'Increasing attack of Mongols was a major threat to Delhi sultans. How did Alauddin Khalji
and Mohammad Bin Tughlaq deal with them?​

Answer 1

Answer:

1311, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji ordered a mass massacre of the "New Muslims" (Mongols who had recently converted to Islam), after some Mongol amirs of Delhi conspired to kill him. According to chronicler Ziauddin Barani, 20,000 or 30,000 Mongols were killed as a result of this order.

Background Edit

The Khalji dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate was of Turkic ethnicity and had fought several wars against the Mongol invaders from Central Asia. In 1292, the Delhi Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji had permitted several thousand Mongols to settle in his empire after they converted to Islam.[1] These Mongol converts were called New Muslims (or Neo-Muslims), and by 1311, more than 10,000 of them lived in the capital Delhi alone.[2] Several of them served in the Delhi army, and during the 1299 Gujarat campaign of Jalaluddin's successor Alauddin, some of them had staged an unsuccessful mutiny.[3] After facing three other rebellions (not by Mongols), Alauddin had taken several measures to prevent further rebellions, including prohibition and confiscation of wealth from his subjects.[4] His administration had greatly reduced salaries and inams[what language is this?] (feudal land grants) of the Mongol amirs, and some of them had lost their employment.[2] All these factors caused discontent among the leading Mongols of Delhi

Explanation:

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