Question

A long essay on "poverty as a challenge"

Answer 1

Poverty is one of the most difficult challenge faced by independent India. Roughly 260 million people in India live in poverty. This also means India has the largest  single concentration of the poor in the world. Poverty means hunger and laack of shelter. It is a situation where  a person fails to attain thee basic facilities like medical facilities, educational facilities  and basic civil amenities.Around 2500 people die everyday due to hunger and most of them are children. Poverty is looked through various indicators like illiteracy level, lack of general resistance due to  malnutrition, lack of access to healthcare, lack of job opportunities, sanitation etc. Social exclusion is a process through which individuals or group are excluded from the basic facilities, benefits and opportunities other rich people enjoy. Vulnerability to poverty is a measure which describes the greater probability of certain communities or individuals of becoming or remaining poor in the coming years

Answer 2

Explanation:

22% of the total population in India (around 270 crores) live in poverty. “What exactly is poverty?”, you may ask. Poverty means living in conditions of where a person doesn’t have basic needs like proper food, water or shelter.different places have different understandings of poverty at different times. For example, a poor person in the USA could be one who doesn’t own a car. But in India, having a car is a luxury only some can dream of. Thus, measuring several aspects of one’s nutrition and income determines poverty in India.

Therefore, in India, an urban dweller should have at least 2100 calories and a rural dweller, at least 2400 calories per day. There is a difference, as the physical work done in rural areas is more energy consuming than in urban areas.

Additionally, earning a minimum of 32 rupees in urban areas and 26 rupees in rural areas, per day, determines the “Below Poverty Line” criteria. The minimum income is higher in urban areas, as it is more costly to live in towns than villages.

Poverty also has other several dimensions. When you get sick, your mother can take you to the hospital and buy medicines. But what do you think people who earn 50 rupees per day do for their family? You can dream of becoming a doctor or designer, but what about children who wake up worrying about if they will eat that day? Thus, poverty is also a condition where the very poor don’t have access to health care, education, employment, safety and other facilities.

There are multiple things that cause poverty. However, in India, the first major factor was the exploitative British colonial rule. Throughout the process of colonising India, the the British plundered the wealth of India, by taking away raw materials for cheap and selling it back to India at very high prices. This led to the shut down of indigenous factories and mills in India and India became heavily economically dependent.

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