(a) lower course
(c) deltas
(b) interlocking spurs
(a) ox-bow lakes
15. Protrusions in the winding course of a young river are called
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An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water. In south Texas, oxbows left by the Rio Grande are called resacas. In Australia, oxbow lakes are called billabongs. The word "oxbow" can also refer to a U-shaped bend in a river or stream, whether or not it is cut off from the main stream.[1][2]
This picture of the Nowitna River in Alaska shows two oxbow lakes – a short one at the bottom of the picture and a longer, more curved one at the middle-right. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen how a third oxbow lake is in the making. The isthmus or bank in the centre of the most prominent meander is very narrow – much narrower than the width of the river. Eventually, the two sections of river on either side of the isthmus break through, and create a new, straighter course. A new river bank then starts to accumulate, sealing off the meander and leaving another oxbow lake.
As a river goes around a bend, most of the water is pushed towards the outside. This causes increased speed and therefore increased erosion (through hydraulic action and abrasion ). ... The build-up of deposited sediment is known as a slip-off slope (or sometimes river beach)
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