Question

a material medium is essential for the propagation of mechanical waves.why?

Answer 1

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The medium itself does not move as a whole. In a mechanical wave the energy is also transmitted form one point to the next, by the motion or propagation of a disturbance, without any corresponding bulk motion of the matter itself. A material medium is necessary for the transmission of mechanical waves.

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Answer 2

This is because a material wave (such as sound) propogates by the vibration of the medium particles in which it is travelling.

For example,Sound wave travels in Solid,liquid,or gas.It needs a medium to travel.It travels by the vibration ( or wave motion) of the medium particles.But sound wave does not travel in vaccum.