Question

A mixture which boils off like a single pure compound is called

Answer 1

Answer:

A mixture which boils off like a single pure compound is called an azeotropic mixture.

Explanation:

Solutions are characterised into three main types based on their behaviour in accordance with Raoult's Law:

1. Ideal solutions: An ideal solution obeys Raoult's law over all concentration ranges at a fixed temperature.
   E.g., benzene + toluene (aromatic hydrocarbon); ethyl bromide + ethyl iodide (alkyl halide); etc.
2. Non-ideal solutions: Such solutions do not obey Raoult's law over all concentration ranges at a given temperature.
   They may show positive or negative deviation from Raoult's law depending upon the inter and intra-molecular forces and size, shape and character of the molecules.
   E.g., water + methanol (+ve deviation); acetic acid + pyridine (-ve deviation); etc.
3. Azeotropes: These are the non-ideal solutions that show large deviations from Raoult's law to such an extent that they cannot be purified by distillation and the escaping tendencies of both the molecules of the mixture remain the same.
   The mixture thus boils like a simple compound.
   E.g., A mixture of water and ethanol boils constantly at 351.10 K.

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