(a) Name the technology that has helped the scientists to propagate on large scale the desired crops in short duration. List the steps carried out to propagate the crops by the said technique.
(b) How are somatic hybrids obtained ?
Answers
Answer:
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Answer:
a) With the help of tissue culture we propagate desired crop in short duration with the help of following steps:
• Preparation of suitable nutrient medium- this step is performed in lab under sterile condition which contain required nutrients.
• Selection of explant- explants are any excised part of the plant to be used in tissue culture like buts, root tip, shoot tip anther, ovary etc.
• Sterilization of explant- explants are sterilized by using different types of disinfectants like sodium hypochlorite etc.
• Inoculation of explant- the sterile explants is inoculoated on the surface of the solidified nutrient medium under aseptic condition.
• Incubation- incubation is done under required temp, humidity, light etc.
• Transfer of callus and regeneration- the callus obtained from incubation of explants is transferred into another medium and reincubated.
• Transfer of plantlets to the field- plantlets are transferred to either the green house or the field condition outside. Transfer of callus and regeneration- the callus obtained from incubation of explants is transferred into another medium and reincubated.
• Transfer of plantlets to the field- plantlets are transferred to either the green house or the field condition outside.
b). Somatic hybrids are produced with the help of somatic hybridization in which two somatic cells of two different plants are fused.
Protoplasts of two plants are isolated and form a hybrid plant.
For eg. With the help of this technique we produce potamato which is a fusion of potato and tomato.
Hope it helps..
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