(a) Name the two types of authority in a federal set up in India.
(b) What is the term of the "Lok Sabha"?
(c) How is the Speaker of the Lok Sabha elected?
(d) Name the procedure for the removal of the President of India.
(e) Who presides over the sessions of the Rajya Sabha in the absence of its Chairman?
(f) Mention one important function of the Vice-President of India
(g) On whose advice and by whom is the Council of Ministers appointed?
(h) Mention one legislative function of the Council of Ministers.
(i) On what grounds can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed?
j) Which is the highest criminal court in a district? Who presides over it?
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Answers
A)The two types of authority in the federal setup of India are the Union government and the State government.
B)The term of the Lok Sabha, unless dissolved, is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting
C)The speaker is elected generally in the first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the speaker chosen from sitting members of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.
D)The president may also be removed before the expiry of the term through impeachment for violating the Constitution of India by the Parliament of India. The process may start in either of the two houses of the parliament. The house initiates the process by levelling the charges against the president.
E)The Vice President of India (currently, Venkaiah Naidu) is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, who presides over its sessions. The Deputy Chairman, who is elected from amongst the house's members, takes care of the day-to-day matters of the house in the absence of the Chairman.
F)Article 63 of Indian Constitution states that "There shall be a Vice President of India." The Vice President acts as President in the absence of the president due to death, resignation, impeachment, or other situations. The Vice President of India is also ex officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
G)There is a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President in exercise of his functions. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who also appoints other ministers on the advice of Prime Minister. The Council is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
H) The main function of the Council of the Ministers is to aid and advice the President. 2. The Council of Ministers determines the legislative programme of the Union and uses its initiative in the introduction and passage of Government legislation.
I)Judge of the Supreme Court cannot be removed from office except by an order of the President passed after an address in each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of members present and voting, and presented to the President in the same Session for such removal on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. A person who has been a Judge of the Supreme Court is debarred from practising in any court of law or before any other authority in India.
J)The District Court and District Judge also have jurisdiction over criminal matters and are referred to as the Session Court and Sessions Judge respectively when presiding over criminal matters. It serves as the highest criminal court in the district