Question

A note on anomalous expansion of water and its consequences.

Answer 1

Answer:

The expansion of water when cooling down below 4 degrees centigrade is one of the “miracles” that allowed life to evolve on Earth. Without it, bodies of water would freeze from the bottom until frozen all over, killing all life within. Thankfully, the deeper you go the larger the pressure, which tries to compress the water as much as possible. Since the maximum density can be found for a positive temperature, water’s own weight will prevent it from freezing from the bottom up.

However, the anomalous expansion of water has some negative consequences. Whenever there is water in pipes or heating bodies, one has to be extra careful not to let the temperature fall below zero. As the water freezes it expands and can rip pipes open. That’s also why you don’t put your beer into a freezer unless you want a messy accident.

Another problem with freezing water can be found in building and road maintenance. Every winter liquid water will find its way into tiny cracks in walls or roads on warm days. Come below zero temperatures, the water freezes and expands the cracks, eroding the asphalt or the garage roof. After several years the once smooth street is full of pot-holes and water is leaking through giant cracks into your garage.

As water cools down between 4ºC and 0ºC it expands abnormally. So whenever you have water in a contained environment such as pipes and bottles you need to be extra careful and take this abnormal behaviour into consideration; otherwise the container will burst open and that can cause damages ranging from a simple mess in your freedge and a factory’s pipe system failure.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Anomalous expansion of water is an:

• An abnormal property of water where it expands when the temperature decreases instead of contracting, and again contract.
• Water expands when the temperature drops from 4°C to 0°C, and again contracts from 0°C.
• Normally, liquids contract as the temperature decreases.
• The density of water increases below 0°C.
• Due to this expansion, during the winter season pipes burst open.
• During the winter, when the temperature drops below 4°C, the upper surface of the water in lakes and ponds freezes, thus protecting the aquatic life underneath it and it helps maintain the temperature in deep waters.
• In the rainy season, water seeps through the cracks and fissures of rocks. In winter, when the temperature falls below, the water expands and creates high pressure which in turn causes the breaking of rocks.