A researcher uses fractional distillation to separate the components of crude oil. Why she chose this method?
(a) Crude oil has components that have very less difference in their mass.
(b) Crude oil has
componentsthat have very less difference in their density.
(c) crude oil has components that have very less difference in their boiling points.
(d) crude oil has components that have very less difference in their melting points.
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Answer:
(c) crude oil has components that have very less difference in their boiling points.
Explanation:
Crude oil has components that have very less difference in their boiling points.
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A researcher uses fractional distillation to separate the components of crude oil she chose this method because crude oil has components that have very less difference in their boiling points. Option(c) is the correct answer.
- In oil refineries, fractional distillation is used to divide crude oil into useful components (or fractions) with various hydrocarbons with various boiling points. Higher boiling point crude oil fractions contain more carbon atoms. have heavier atomic weights.
- Petroleum is a limited resource. Fractional distillation is used to extract it and turn it into gasoline and other fuels. Long alkanes are broken down into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons through the cracking process.
- Small hydrocarbon molecules have low boiling points because of the weak intermolecular forces they experience during fractional distillation. Instead of condensing, they escape the column as gases. Long hydrocarbon molecules have higher boiling points due to stronger intermolecular forces. Bitumen liquids that are hot exit the column.
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