A Virtual Private Network (VPN) uses a particular layer from the OSI reference model to carry an encrypted payload that actually contains an entire second set of packets. Which layer is used?
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Answer:
Most VPNs work by using the payload section of the transport layer to carry an encrypted payload that actually contains an entire second set of packets. The network, the transport, and the application layers of a packet intended to traverse the remote network.
Transport Layer is used.
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) typically uses the Transport Layer (Layer 4) of the OSI reference model to carry an encrypted payload that contains an entire second set of packets.
Specifically, VPN protocols such as OpenVPN and IKEv2 use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) at the Transport Layer to encapsulate the encrypted packets from the higher layers (such as the Internet Protocol or Application Layer) into a new packet with its own header and footer. This new packet is then sent through the public network as if it were a regular packet, but when it reaches its destination, it is decrypted and the original packets are extracted and delivered to their intended recipients.
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