Question

(a) When and why was Oudh annexed by Lord Dalhousie? [2]
(b) Give two factors that gave rise to Nationalism in India in the 19th century. [2]
(c) Mention any two objectives of the Muslim League. [2]
(d) Mention the significance of the Lucknow Pact of 1916. [2]
(e) Give any two contributions of Subhash Chandra Bose. [2]
(f) Mention any two provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947. [2]
(g) State any two objectives of the Forward Bloc. [2]
(h) Give any two causes of the First World War. [2]
(i) What is understood by the “Policy of Appeasement’ followed by Britain and
France towards Germany?

[2]

(j) Mention any two objectives of the Non-Aligned Movement.

Answer 1

The Weimar Republic (German: Weimarer Republik [ˈvaɪmaʁɐ ʁepuˈbliːk] (listen)) is an unofficial historical designation for the German state from 1918 to 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the republic remained Deutsches Reich unchanged from 1871, because of the German tradition of substates. Although commonly translated as "German Empire", the word Reich here better translates as "realm", in that the term does not in itself have monarchical connotations per se. The Reich was changed from a constitutional monarchy into a republic. In English, the country was usually known simply as Germany.

Answer 2

a) o u d h was annexed on 7 February 1856 by Lord Dalhousie for reckless imperialism.

b) economic exploitation and emergence of modern press

c)1)To promote loyalty of Indian Muslims towards the British government.

2)To protect the political and other rights of the Indian Muslims and to place their needs and aspirations before the Government.

d)The Luknow Pact was an agreement that reached between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League at the joint session of both the parties held in Lucknow in October 1916. Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow overrepresentation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures.

e)He provided leadership to the Indian National Army after he went to Japan in 1943. Subhas Chandra Bose also founded the Provisional Government of Free India at Singapore on 21 October 1943. The government was recognised by nine governments including Germany, Italy, Japan and Myanmar.

f)The Act's most important provisions were: division of British India into the two new dominions of India and Pakistan, with effect from August 15, 1947. partition of the provinces of Bengal and Punjab between the two new countries.

g)Initially the aim of the Forward Bloc was to rally all the leftwing sections within the Congress and develop an alternative leadership inside the Congress. Bose became the president of the Forward Bloc and S.S. Cavesheer its vice-president. A Forward Bloc Conference was held in Bombay in the end of June.

h)The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke.

i)Britian and France followed the policy of appeasement towards dictotrial countries like Germany and Italy because they felt that the dictators had a real cause of grievances due to humiliation terms of Treaty of Versailles and if their grievances were removed they would not disturb world peace.

j)Following are the objectives of the Non-Aligned Movement: To keep the newly independent nations of Asia and Africa away from the rivalry of the two superpowers and preserve their newly acquired national independence. To eliminate all those factors and tendencies in the international arena that could lead to war.

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