Question

(a) while diluting an acid why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid (b) dry HCL gas does not change the colour of dry Litmus Paper why​

Answer 1

a) dilution of acid is a highly exothermic reaction.If water is added to a concentrated acid, the heat generated may cause the mixture to splash out and cause burns. there fore concentrated acid should be added to water in small amounts with constant steering

b) dry hcl does not change the colour of litmus paper because water is required for the formation of hydronium ions which is responsible for the colour change of litmus paper.

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Answer 2

a) When an acid is dissolved in water it is exothermic reaction. The acid must always added slowing in water if water is added to a concentrated acid , the heat generated can cause fire which can lead to breakdown of glass container due to excessive heat.

We know that the colour of litmus paper is changed by H + ions because of acid.

b) Dry HCL it does not dissociate to give H+ ions.

Acids dissociate to give ions only in the aqueous solution.

In this HCL is not in aqueous form nor litmus paper is wet, so the colour of litmus paper does not change.