Question

Abnormal diet may lead to certain metabolism related problems. Describe some metabolism related problems.

Answer 1

Answer :-

Abnormal diet leads to metabolism related problems in which person suffer from different health hazards. Some of them are :-

1. Diabetes - In this disease the blood sugar level goes above normal. It may lead to dysfunction of kidney, eye, heart, nerves and other organs.

2. Obesity - It is a metabolism related problem that occurs due to excess intake of calorie. This disease leads to elevated blood sugar, blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.

3. Goitre - Deficiency of iodine in food leads to Goitre, where function of Thyroid gland is affected.

4. Liver cirrhosis - This is caused by consumption of excessive alcohol and fatty food. In this disease, liver tissue is seriously damage, which may transform into liver cancer if not treated early.

5. Arthritis - This is a painful inflammatory disease, caused due to depression of some toxic metabolic wastes within bone joints.

Answer 2

​The deficiency diseases are the diseases that are caused due to lack of a particular nutrient in the diet.  

Deficiency Diseases

Diseases that occur due to the lack of nutrients are called deficiency diseases. Deficiency diseases can be of various types:

Vitamin Deficiency

Vitamins are needed by the body in small amounts yet their deficiency leads to various deficiency diseases. Vitamins are of two types − fat soluble (vitamins A, D and K) and water soluble (Vitamin B and C).

If taken in excess, the water soluble vitamins are excreted with the urine but if fat soluble vitamins are taken in  excess, they are not excreted easily and harm the body and cause restlessness and nausea.

Protein Deficiency

The diet that is poor in proteins lead to a disease called kwashiorkor in which the growth of the infant is retarded. This  disease affects the children in age group of 1 to 5 years. The symptoms of this disease are

• Stick like thin legs
• Protruding belly
• Water retention
• Bulging eyes
• Discolouration of hair
• Mental retardation
• Protein and Carbohydrate Deficiency

The deficiency of both proteins and carbohydrates in the diet leads to a condition called marasmus. It occurs when the child  under the age of one year does not get sufficient food. The symptoms of marasmus are as follows

• Lean and weak body
• Prominent ribs
• Dry, thin, wrinkled skin with folds of loose skin.
• Mental retardation