Question

About Agro -based industry is the vegetable oil
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Answer 1

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Indian agriculture is substantially dominated by edible oils. In fact, edible oil seed production makes for the second most widely grown crop after cereals. Today, we will share with you a few glimpses of the edible oil industry in the country – its present production capacity, import, export, constraints etc.

India ended up attaining substantial autonomy in oil-seed production by then. However, the autonomy couldn’t be sustained for a long period of time. Oilseed meal exports make for a minuscule part of our economy. There was time when India exported oil-seed meals to Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia on a regular basis. However, today, they’ve shifted to lower priced origins because of India’s noncompetitive export prices.

Production and Imports

Oil-seed production in India remains concentrated in a few areas. Here is a glimpse of those areas:

• Madhya Pradesh

• Rajasthan

• Maharashtra

• Gujarat

While these are the major producers of oil-seeds in India, there are other states that account for paltry output. These states are:

• Uttar Pradesh

• Haryana

• West Bengal

• Karnataka

Edible oil is consumed widely in Western India, Southern India consumes less in comparison. However, the southern part of the country is largely known for its affinity towards sunflower oil and general avoidance of mustard and soybean oil. Again, palm oil is something which is hardly endorsed in North India.

Answer 2

Vegetable oils are a potential feedstock for polymers because their fatty acid molecules can be modified to serve as polymer building blocks (Fig. 20.2). Several projects exist to develop catalyst systems for chemistries such as hydroformylation to convert the vegetable oils to polyaldehydes and subsequent chemistry to convert the polyaldehydes to polyols, polyacids and polyamines. By adding functional groups to the vegetable oil molecules, the reactivity of the vegetable oil is increased creating the potential for polymerizing the modified vegetable oil. These processes were originally developed for fossil feedstocks that are less viscous than vegetable oils and easier to separate from the catalyst at the end of the reaction. Researchers are developing new catalyst systems that have high efficiencies for the conversion of vegetable oils such as soy oil and allow efficient catalyst recovery and easy product separation from the vegetable oil derivatives.

Explanation:

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