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The Constitution of India (IAST: Bhāratīya Saṃvidhāna) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles and the duties of citizens. It the longest written constitution of any country on earth.B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.
It imparts constitutional supremacy (notparliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather thanParliament), and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble.Parliament cannot override the constitution.
It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949, and became effective on 26 January 1950. The constitution replaced the Government of India Act, 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the republic of India. To ensureconstitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395. India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day.
The constitution declares India a sovereign,socialist, secular,democratic republic, assuring its citizens justice, equality andliberty, and endeavours to promotefraternity.
It imparts constitutional supremacy (notparliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather thanParliament), and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble.Parliament cannot override the constitution.
It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949, and became effective on 26 January 1950. The constitution replaced the Government of India Act, 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the republic of India. To ensureconstitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395. India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day.
The constitution declares India a sovereign,socialist, secular,democratic republic, assuring its citizens justice, equality andliberty, and endeavours to promotefraternity.
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