acid ,bases chapter explain in english
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Important Notes - Acid, Base and Salt
AcidBaseSaltIndicatorNeutralization or Neutralization ReactionUse of neutralization
Substances can be divided into three types – Acid, Base and Salt.
ACID: Taste of acid is sour. There are many substances that contain acid and so taste sour. For example – lemon, curd, pickles, orange juice, vinegar, etc.
Substances that taste sour are called acidic. The chemical nature of such substance is known as ACIDIC.
The word acid comes from Latin ‘ACERE’ which means sour.
BASE: Taste of base is bitter. Substances that contain base taste bitter. For example; soap or soap solution, baking soda, washing soda, etc.
The chemical nature of substances that contain base is known as BASIC.
INDICATOR: It is not always possible to know the acidic or basic nature of substances by tasting them. Tasting a substance in laboratory is not also advisable because it may be harmful. Thus, to test the chemical nature (acidic or basic nature) of substance a special kind of substance is used. This special kind of substance which is used to test the acidic or basic nature of anything is known as INDICATOR.
Indicator is a substance that shows the acidic or basic nature of a substance by change in its colour.
Types of Indicator: Indicators can be divided into two types.
Natural Indicator: Indicators that are obtained from naturally occurring substance are called NATURAL INDICATORS. For example; litmus, turmeric, china rose, etc.
Synthetic Indicator: Indicators that are made in laboratory are called SYNTHETIC INDICATORS. For example; phenolphthalein, methyl orange, etc.
NATURAL INDICATORS:
Litmus: Litmus is extracted from Lichens. Lichen is a composite organism. Lichens consist of fungi and algae living in symbiotic relationship.
Litmus is a purple coloured liquid in distilled water. Litmus comes in the form of strips of two colours. One is called blue litmus paper and another is called red litmus paper.
Litmus liquid and litmus paper are used to detect the acidic or basic nature of a substance.
Hope this helps you
AcidBaseSaltIndicatorNeutralization or Neutralization ReactionUse of neutralization
Substances can be divided into three types – Acid, Base and Salt.
ACID: Taste of acid is sour. There are many substances that contain acid and so taste sour. For example – lemon, curd, pickles, orange juice, vinegar, etc.
Substances that taste sour are called acidic. The chemical nature of such substance is known as ACIDIC.
The word acid comes from Latin ‘ACERE’ which means sour.
BASE: Taste of base is bitter. Substances that contain base taste bitter. For example; soap or soap solution, baking soda, washing soda, etc.
The chemical nature of substances that contain base is known as BASIC.
INDICATOR: It is not always possible to know the acidic or basic nature of substances by tasting them. Tasting a substance in laboratory is not also advisable because it may be harmful. Thus, to test the chemical nature (acidic or basic nature) of substance a special kind of substance is used. This special kind of substance which is used to test the acidic or basic nature of anything is known as INDICATOR.
Indicator is a substance that shows the acidic or basic nature of a substance by change in its colour.
Types of Indicator: Indicators can be divided into two types.
Natural Indicator: Indicators that are obtained from naturally occurring substance are called NATURAL INDICATORS. For example; litmus, turmeric, china rose, etc.
Synthetic Indicator: Indicators that are made in laboratory are called SYNTHETIC INDICATORS. For example; phenolphthalein, methyl orange, etc.
NATURAL INDICATORS:
Litmus: Litmus is extracted from Lichens. Lichen is a composite organism. Lichens consist of fungi and algae living in symbiotic relationship.
Litmus is a purple coloured liquid in distilled water. Litmus comes in the form of strips of two colours. One is called blue litmus paper and another is called red litmus paper.
Litmus liquid and litmus paper are used to detect the acidic or basic nature of a substance.
Hope this helps you
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