ACTIVITY 1 Take a magnet. Collect some easily available items made of different materials, pencil, eraser, paper clip, bottle caps, nails, coins, a small copper wire, an aluminium hanger , stapler pins, a small lock, buckle of your belt, stone, soil, etc. Hold the magnet and take it close to each item. Observe whether the item gets attracted to the magnet or not. Record your observations in a tabular form.
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Answer:
Observation: We will observe that some materials like Iron nail, Sewing needle, and coin are attracted towards a magnet while the other substances like a brass screw, Aluminium foil, plastic comb etc do not get attracted towards a magnet.1. Magnetic MaterialsThose materials which are attracted b a magnet are magnetic materials. Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt are the magnetic substances as objects made up of these materials are attracted by a magnet. Also, magnetic materials can be magnetized or we can say that magnetic materials can be converted into magnets.
Those materials which are not attracted by a magnet are called non- magnetic materials. All the substances other than iron, nickel, and Cobalt are non-magnetic substances for example plastic, rubber, water, etc are nonmagnetic materials. Non-magnetic substances cannot be magnetized.Application of Magnetic and Non-Magnetic MaterialsWe can use magnetic and non-magnetic properties of a substance in the daily life for ease of working. some of them are –If a large number of pins are fallen from the pin box on the ground, they can be easily collected by using a magnet as pins are made up of iron which is a magnetic material.If a carpenter mixes iron nails with wood shavings they can be separated easily by using the method of magnetic separation. A magnet is brought close to the mixture. Iron nails get attracted to the magnet and stick to it whereas wooden shavings which are made up of non-magnetic material will not be attracted by the magnet.