Question

Adaptations as vectors

Answer 1

During their development in the invertebrate host, parasites have to cope with the generally harsh physiological conditions (pH, proteolytic and other hydrolytic activities) they encounter in the arthropod, have to cross physical barriers and have to survive local and systemic innate immune responses in order to accomplish infection of the tissue (e.g. gut, mouthparts, salivary glands and reproductive organs) that will ensure further transmission.

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