Advancing monsoon and retreating monsoon explain
Answers
Question:-
write about Advancing monsoon and retreating monsoon.
Answer:-
Advancing monsoon
The climate of India is strongly influenced by the monsoon winds. The sailor who came to India during olden days notice the regular periodic reversal of winds. They used these winds to sail towards the Indian coast. Arab trades named this seasonal reversal of winds system as 'monsoon'.
They monsoon form in the tropical area approximately between 20°N and 20°N S latitude. The south-east monsoon winds from the southern hemisphere carry moisture as they flow over the Indian Ocean and towards the equatorial low pressure zones.After crossing the equator ,these winds deflect towards the low pressure forward in the Indian sub-continent . The heating of land create low pressure on the land mass of Indian sub-continent, especially over central Indian and the Gangetic plain. Along with this, the Tibetan plateau get intensely heated and causes strong vertical air current and the formation of low pressure over the plateau at above kms altitude.
They then flow as the south west monsoon.The Indian Peninsula divides them into two branches - the Arabian sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. The Bay of Bengal branch strikes the Bengal coast and the southern face of the Shillong plateau. Then, it gets deflect and flow west ward along the Gangetic valley. The Arabian sea branch arrive at the west coast of India and moves northward. Both the branches reach india by the beginning of June, which is known as the "onset of monsoon". They gradually spread over the entire country in four to five weeks. The bulk of annual rainfall in india is received from south-west monsoon. The amount of rainfall is very high along the west coast due to the Western ghats, and in north-east India due to the high peaked hills. Tamil Nadu coast ( Coramandal ) , however, remains mostly dry during this season as it is in the rain shadow area of the Arabian sea branch and is parallel to the Bay of Bengal branch.
Retreating Monsoon
October - November is a period of transportation from hot wet conditions to dry winter conditions. The retract of the monsoon is marked by the clear skies and rise in temperature. The land is still moist. Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather become rather oppressive.This is commonly known as "October heat" .
The low pressure conditions which onces prevailed over north- western India move far South to the centre of the Bay of Bengal by early November. During this period, cyclonic depression are common which originates over the Andaman area. These tropical cyclone are often very destructive. The thickly populated deltas of the Godavari, Krishna and Cauveri are their target. No year ever goes disasters free. Occasionally, these tropical cyclone visit Sundarbans and Bangladesh too. Bulk of the rainfall of the Coromandel coast is derived from depression and cyclones.