Question

Advantages of in vitro grafting over in vivo grafting

Answer 1

The efficient recovery of plants from avocado somatic embryos has been difficult to achieve by manipulating maturation and conversion conditions in vitro. The production of morphologically normal, bipolar somatic embryos occurs at low frequency, usually < 2, and conversion is sporadic. In order to utilize the embryogenic system for improving avocado by genetic transformation and in vitro mutagenesis, different protocols for rescuing the shoots that develop from somatic embryos were evaluated. Shoots derived either from somatic embryos or from shoot tip and nodal cultures were either micrografted or grafted ex vitro onto seedling rootstocks. Depending on scion type, micrografting was 59–100 successful. For ex vitro grafting, several genotypes derived from shoot tip/nodal cultures were used as scions with either top slit or side grafting. Plant recovery after ex vitro grafting was 52–76, and flushing generally occurred 20–25 days after grafting. Top slit and side grafting were equally successful (68–72); however, the former resulted in earlier flushing (21 versus 29 days). These grafting procedures have been adopted for routine rescue of avocado regenerants from somatic embryos. Keywords: avocado micrografting somatic embryo.

Answer 2

Answer:

Grafting and budding are horticultural techniques used to join parts from two or more plants so that they appear to grow as a single plant. In grafting, the upper part (scion) of one plant grows on the root system (rootstock) of another plant. In the budding process, a bud is taken from one plant and grown on another.