Agriculture is the largest sector of the Indian economy but the level of agricultural productivity is so low. Discuss the main causes of low agricultural productivity in India and give suggestion to improve the situation.
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The history of Agriculture in India dates back to Indus Valley Civilization.[1] India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. As per 2018, agriculture employed more than 50℅ of the Indian work force and contributed 17–18% to country's GDP.According to latest report, agriculture is primary source of livelihood for 58% population in India.
In 2016, agriculture and allied sectors like animal husbandry, forestry and fisheries accounted for 15.4% of the GDP (gross domestic product) with about 31% of the workforce in 2014.[4][5][6] India ranks first in the world with highest net cropped area followed by US and China.[7] The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.
India exported $38 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide and the sixth largest net exporter.[8] Most of its agriculture exports serve developing and least developed nations.[8] Indian agricultural/horticultural and processed foods are exported to more than 120 countries, primarily to the Japan, Southeast Asia, SAARC countries, the European Union and the United States
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