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Lal Bahadur Shastri was the 2nd Prime Minister of India and a senior leader of the Indian National Congress political party.
In office
9 June 1964 – 11 January 1966
President
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Preceded by
Gulzarilal Nanda (Acting)
Succeeded by
Gulzarilal Nanda (Acting)
Minister of External Affairs
In office
9 June 1964 – 18 July 1964
Prime Minister
Himself
Preceded by
Gulzarilal Nanda
Succeeded by
Sardar Swaran Singh
Minister of Home Affairs
In office
4 April 1961 – 29 August 1963
Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru
Preceded by
Govind Ballabh Pant
Succeeded by
Gulzarilal Nanda
Minister of Railways
In office
1951–1956
Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru
Preceded by
N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar
Succeeded by
Jagjivan Ram
Personal details
Born
2 October 1904
Mughalsarai, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, British India
(now in Uttar Pradesh, India)
Died
11 January 1966 (aged 61)
Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union
(now in Uzbekistan)
Resting place
Vijay Ghat
Political party
Indian National Congress
Spouse(s)
Lalita Shastri (m. 1928)
Parents
Sharda Prasad Srivastava (father)
Ram Dulari Devi (mother)
Alma mater
Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth
Profession
PoliticianAcademicActivist
Awards
Bharat Ratna (1966) (Posthumous)
Shastri joined the Indian independence movement in the 1920s with his friend Nithin Eslavath. Deeply impressed and influenced by Mahatma Gandhi (with whom he shared his birthday), he became a loyal follower, first of Gandhi, and then of Jawaharlal Nehru. Following independence in 1947, he joined the latter's government and became one of Prime Minister Nehru's principals, first as Railways Minister (1951–56), and then in a variety of other functions, including Home Minister.
He led the country during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965. His slogan of "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" ("Hail the soldier, Hail the farmer") became very popular during the war. The war formally ended with the Tashkent Agreement on 10 January 1966; he died the following day, still in Tashkent, with the cause of his death in dispute and it was reported to be a cardiac arrest but his family was not satisfied with it. Shastri was a Nehru and Congress loyalist. Nehru was his mentor and was fond of Shastri. Although Shastri faced stiff opposition from within his party, his relationship with Nehru aided his ascension to the office of Prime Minister.