Question

Although Chlorine is an electron with drawing group yet it is orho para directing in
electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Why?

Answer 1

Cl is electron with drawing by inductive effect, and it electron relesing by resonance
and creates negative charge at ortho and para positions. And here resonance effect
is more as compare with inductive effect.

Answer 2

Although chlorine is an electron with drawing group and exerts -i inductive effect but it also exerts +M effects due to the presence of lone pair of electrons .

Also mesomeric effects is stronger than inductive effective.


As a result of resonance , there is delocalisation of electrons .

The ortho and para positions on the benzene ring are comparatively negative .

Hence , further substitution takes place at 0−0− and p−p− positions .