An 18 GHz common-carrier microwave communications link uses a tower mounted antenna with a gain of 36 dB and a transmitter power of 10 W. To evaluate the radiation hazard of this system, calculate the power density at a distance of 20 m from the antenna. Do this for a position in the main beam of the antenna, and for a position in the sidelobe region of the antenna. Assume a worst-case sidelobe level of −10 dB.
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Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves of electric and magnetic energy moving together (i.e., radiating) through space at the speed of light. Taken together, all forms of electromagnetic energy are referred to as the electromagnetic "spectrum." Radio waves and microwaves emitted by transmitting antennas are one form of electromagnetic energy. They are collectively referred to as "radiofrequency" or "RF" energy or radiation. Note that the term “radiation” does not mean “radioactive.” Often, the terms "electromagnetic field" or "radiofrequency field" are used to indicate the presence of electromagnetic or RF energy.
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