An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface
where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth's surface where the
earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is
called the epicenter.
Sometimes an earthquake has foreshocks. These are smaller earthquakes that happen in the same place as
the larger earthquake that follows. Scientists can't tell that an earthquake is a foreshock until the larger
earthquake happens. The largest, main earthquake is called the main shock. Main shocks always
have aftershocks that follow. These are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same place as the
main shock. Depending on the size of the main shock, aftershocks can continue for weeks, months, and
even years after the main shock!
The earth has four major layers: the inner core, outer core, mantle and crust. The crust and the top of the
mantle make up a thin skin on the surface of our planet.
But this skin is not all in one piece - it is made up of many pieces like a puzzle covering the surface of the
earth. Not only that, but these puzzle pieces keep slowly moving around, sliding past one another and
bumping into each other. We call these puzzle pieces tectonic plates, and the edges of the plates are called
the plate boundaries. The plate boundaries are made up of many faults, and most of the earthquakes
around the world occur on these faults. Since the edges of the plates are rough, they get stuck while the
rest of the plate keeps moving. Finally, when the plate has moved far enough, the edges unstick or one of
the faults and there is an earthquake.
Q1. Define earthquake in simple words.
Q2. How does an earthquake occur?
Q3. Name any five places in India where earthquake has occurred.
Q4. Are earthquakes related to tsunami? Explain how?
Q5. How is the strength of an earthquake measured?
Answers
1.An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another.
2.The plate boundaries are made up of many faults, and most of the earthquakes
around the world occur on these faults. Since the edges of the plates are rough, they get stuck while the
rest of the plate keeps moving. Finally, when the plate has moved far enough, the edges unstick or one of
the faults and there is an earthquake.
3.indian ocean kashmir Bihar gujrat kangra
4. earthquake is not related to tsunami
tsunami is related to earthquake as it comes after earthquake as an aftereffect
5. Richter scale
Answer:
1) ans- An earthquake is an intense shaking of Earth's surface. The shaking is caused by movements in Earth's outermost layer.
2)ans- An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. ... When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel.
3) ans - Kashmir, the Western and Central Himalayas, North and Middle Bihar, the North-East Indian region, the Rann of Kutch and the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands
4) ans- The earthquake must be a shallow marine event that displaces the seafloor. Thrust earthquakes (as opposed to strike slip) are far more likely to generate tsunamis, but small tsunamis have occurred in a few cases from large (i.e., > M8) strike-slip earthquakes.
5) ans- The Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves recorded by seismographs. Adjustments are included for the variation in the distance between the various seismographs and the epicenter of the earthquakes.
Explanation:
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