An electric dipole is in stable equilibrium in an electric field , then *
(a) its electric dipole moment is parallel to applied electric field.
(b) its electric dipole moment is anti-parallel to applied electric field.
(c) its electric dipole moment is perpendicular to applied electric field.
(d) all of the above
Answers
Answer:
c option is the correct option
Answer:
An electric dipole is in stable equilibrium in an electric field , then
(a) its electric dipole moment is parallel to applied electric field.
Explanation:
Dipole moment
The dipole's moment is directed between the -ve and +ve charges. In equilibrium, the system's net force and torque should be zero.
As a result, if potential energy is high, the equilibrium will be unstable, whereas if potential energy is low, the equilibrium will be stable.
Torque is the amount of force that causes an object to revolve around an axis. Torque is a collection of vectors whose path is determined by the force acting on the axis.
The dipole is in stable equilibrium when electric dipole is in the direction of electric field vector and is parallel `vec(P) ||vec(E)`
Stable equilibrium means the lowest potential energy at the equilibrium point. Therefore the stable equilibrium the torque should be zero and the potential energy of the dipole should be minimum. when an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field, it experiences a torque but no force. The magnet is said to be in stable equilibrium when the magnetic dipole moment of magnet is aligned along the direction of magnetic field.
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