Question

an essay on digital world in French language.

Answer 1

Please visit the link for the same:-

https://www.google.co.in/search?tlsa=&ved=2ahUKEwjussq-kuvXAhXKNI8KHbDOCq4Qh3YwAHoECBUQAA&client=ms-android-samsung&source=android-browser&dcr=0&ei=0IMiWu6KGMrpvASwnavwCg&q=Translate&tlitesl=en&tlitetxt=The+Digital+World++The+digital+world+of+today+can+be+understood+as+a+product+of+late-Victorian+construction+of+the+machinery+of+information+organization+combined+with+Modernist+visual+forms.++In+his+doctoral+dissertation%2C+The+Engineering+of+Vision+from+Constructivism+to+Computers%2C+Lev+Manovich%2C+professor+of+New+Media+at+the+University+of+San+Diego%2C+states+it+is+the+influence+of+Modernist+visual+forms%2C+mainly+Soviet+era+Constructivism%2C+that+shapes+the+look+of+the+current+digital+world+%28e.g.+the+Internet%29.+Professor+Simon+Cook+of+Duke+University%2C+in+his+recent+paper%2C+Late+Victorian+Visual+Reasoning+and+a+Modern+History+of+Vision%2C+argues+that+Manovich+overlooks+the+importance+of+the+Victorian+period+in+influencing+the+aesthetics+of+our+present+digital+design.+Cook+bases+his+argument+on+the+concept+of+an+orderly+and+well-catalogued+Internet%2C+as+if+the+system+had+been+developed+in+nineteenth+century+Britain.+However%2C+due+to+the+chaotic%2C+disorganized+and+ever-changing+look+of+the+digital+world%2C+the+argument+of+a+Victorian+based+system+is+flawed.+The+late+nineteenth+century+does+not+have+the+impact+Cook+believes+it+does%2C+whereas+Manovich+remains+on+track+in+his+original+argument.+Still%2C+Manovich’s+ideas+can+only+be+regarded+on+a+temporary+basis%2C+because+the+face+of+the+digital+world+has+changed+drastically+since+its+development%2C+and+will+continue+to+in+the+near+future.++Before+exploring+the+look+of+the+current+digital+world%2C+it+is+first+important+to+look+at+its+physical+development.+I+will+concentrate+mainly+on+the+Internet+and+the+more+recent+phenomena+of+the+World+Wide+Web%2C+although+software+look+also+has+a+significant+role.+This+concentration+follows+from+my+prediction+of+the+future+look+of+computers%2C+which+will+be+more+web-based.+This+will+be+shown+later+in+the+paper.++Although+the+current+digital+world+is+mostly+visual%2C+it+was+not+always+designed+to+be+this+way.+In+the+early+1960’s%2C+scientists+began+to+seek+a+way+of+better+communicating+with+each+other%2C+mainly+for+the+purpose+of+sharing+information+in+an+fast+and+easy+manner.+Due+to+developments+in+packet+switching+technology%2C+the+concept+of+wide+area+computer+network+could+be+realized.+Researchers+at+DARPA+began+work+on+ARPANET%2C+which%2C+through+a+series+of+improvements+and+modifications%2C+would+eventually+become+the+groundwork+for+the+modern+Internet.+These+networks+were+originally+built+by+connecting+one+computer+at+a+time%2C+and+adding+more+as+they+were+needed.+This+disorganization+and+decentralization+from+the+very+creation+of+the+Internet+leads+to+our+current+design.++What+is+important+to+note+here+visually%2C+is+that+all+work+at+this+point+had+been+done+completely+by+computer+scientists+who+were+entirely+focused+on+efficiency+and+practicality+and+not+on+the+look.+The+more+skilled+a+person+becomes+in+the+electrical+engineering+and+computer+science+fields%2C+the+more+they+have+a+tendency+to+prefer+environments+with+short+and+terse+commands%2C+without+much+screen+distraction.+The+operating...&tlitetl=fr